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Cargo types

ODC (Over Dimensional Cargo)

A load exceeding the legal length, width or height limits, requiring special permits and escorted movement.

Also calledODCOver dimensional consignment

Over Dimensional Cargo is any consignment that projects beyond the permitted dimensions of the carrying vehicle — transformers, wind turbine blades, pressure vessels, plant machinery. Because it cannot be made to fit, the movement itself has to be authorised as an exception.

ODC movement needs prior permission from the transport authorities of every state on the route, and often from road-owning agencies for specific bridges and structures. Routes are surveyed in advance for overhead clearances, turning radii and bridge load capacity, and movement is frequently restricted to night hours with pilot escort vehicles.

The e-Way Bill treats ODC differently too, allowing far fewer kilometres per day of validity than regular cargo. Combined with night-only movement and route restrictions, ODC transit times are measured in days for distances a normal truck would cover in hours, and pricing has to reflect the vehicle being committed for that whole period.

This entry describes statutory requirements, which change by notification and can differ between states. Treat it as orientation, not legal advice, and confirm the current position for your own operation before relying on it.

Same category

Cargo types

Loads that need special handling, equipment or permits.

Cold Chain

An unbroken temperature-controlled path from origin to destination, for goods that spoil outside a defined range.

Hazmat Transport

Carriage of dangerous goods, governed by additional rules on vehicle fitment, driver training and documentation.

Reefer Container

A temperature-controlled container or body with its own refrigeration unit, used for perishable and pharma cargo.

Temperature Excursion

A period during which cargo temperature moved outside its permitted range — a recorded cold-chain failure.

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